Awkward Classes and India’s Rural Development

Space Economy and Rural Development

Despite all initiatives and endeavors, Iran’s rural communities are encountering with challenges regarding the achievement of comprehensive development. Space economy is associated with location distribution of economic activities as well as movement and flow of population, goods, services, and capital. These in turn, would have great impact upon the development level of different settlement in...

Position of Rural Development in Development Plans

In Iran, new centralization characteristic, especially during Pahlavi dynasty, has been convergence and its vast use in bureaucracy. Historical sociological studies have consensus on the issues of centralization, power centralization, and political sovereignty in Iran; however, these issues have some divisional interruptions and different levels of strength in some parts of the history. This es...

An Introduction to Hindu Indias Contemplative Psychological Perspective on Motivation, Self, and Development

Mobilization Forum: Awkward Movements

Several years ago, Gay Seidman complained in an article in Mobilization that scholars of the South African antiapartheid movement had so ignored the role of armed struggle as to leave the impression that the movement and its most famous leader, Nelson Mandela, were nonviolent in the Gandhian mold. In fact, Mandela was the first military commander of the African National Congress. He owed his po...

Rural and rural energy development in India

Over 70% of the population in India lives in the rural areas of the country. The needs of this vast population, subsistence or otherwise (livelihood related), have been addressed by several programmes and initiatives guided by central or state policies. The policies or ensuing programmes have, however, been sectoral—planned and managed by specific ministries or departments. Energy too has been ...